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Microglia after activation can show prominently pro inflamma
2022-03-26
Microglia after activation can show prominently pro-inflammatory but also anti-inflammatory characteristics [46]. Although the ageing process is not a pathological process, many of the age-associated changes resemble those observed under pathological conditions. An increase number of pro-inflammator
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br New design of an HIF
2022-03-26
New design of an HIF injector Since the invention of RFQ, RFQ-based 1 GW HIF plans have been proposed in Japan, Europe and the Soviet Union, such as HIBALL, HIDIF and HIBLIC. In these plans, driver linacs were numerous, huge and complicated. Considering the space-charge-effect of the intense heav
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In this study we present the first data
2022-03-26
In this study, we present the first data on the kinetic properties of the hexokinase of T. equiperdum, which we compare with similar data available for pleomorphic T. brucei (Seed and Baquero, 1965, Nwagwu and Opperdoes, 1982, Hara et al., 1997, Morris et al., 2006, Chambers et al., 2008b, Chambers
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br Conclusion Whilst acknowledging that forensic
2022-03-26
Conclusion Whilst acknowledging that forensic science critically needs strategic investment across every domain [27], forensic science needs to bring both ‘hedgehog’ and ‘fox’ approaches together to address the roots of the major challenges the discipline faces. Addressing these challenges in a w
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br Biochemical properties and post translational
2022-03-26
Biochemical properties and post-translational modification of GCAPs GCAPs are hydrophobic proteins that are likely permanently bound to their GC target under physiological conditions [5]. They interact with the photoreceptor GCs through the intracellular domains (reviewed in [17]). GCAP1 has been
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Interestingly interactions between Smad and RhoA the other s
2022-03-26
Interestingly, interactions between Smad3 and RhoA, the other small GTPase which is highly homologous to RhoB [9], could not be observed suggesting that the Smad3/RhoB interactions require amino Vardenafil HCl Trihydrate mg residues that are unique to RhoB. Combined with our previous observation th
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Financial nonfinancial disclosures The authors have reported
2022-03-26
Financial/nonfinancial disclosures: The authors have reported to CHEST the following: M. J. A. has received investigator-initiated grants from Pfizer and Boehringer Ingelheim for unrelated research. None declared (X. D., S. C. D., G. B., N. T. W., J. L. P., J. H., B. E., A. J. L., J. A. B., C. S., C
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Introduction Epigenetic alterations play an important role i
2022-03-25
Introduction Epigenetic alterations play an important role in carcinogenesis. Aberrant promoter CpG island hypermethylation causes transcriptional gene silencing [1], and has been documented for a number of genes in prostate cancer (PCA) [2]. Histone modifications are also important regulators of t
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The PI K PTEN Akt mTORC GSK pathway also
2022-03-25
The PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1/GSK-3 pathway also plays key roles in metabolism, obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (, , , , ). Sometimes such clinical problems such as diabetes, obesity and metabolic disorders are interlinked with cancer. Clearly further elucidation of the roles of GSK-3 could
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Thus synthesized thienopyrimidine derivatives were evaluated
2022-03-25
Thus synthesized thienopyrimidine derivatives were evaluated in vitro for GPR119 agonistic activity, and the results are summarized in , , . First, we fixed the 4-methylsulfonylphenyl substituent at the R position on the thienopyrimidine ring, and derivatized at the R position. As shown in , and s
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br Discovery of GPR A The murine niacin
2022-03-25
Discovery of GPR109A The murine niacin receptor, protein upregulated in macrophages by interferon-γ (PUMA-G), was identified as a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed in adipocytes and spleen [22], [23]. This finding suggested a role of this receptor in macrophage function [24]. In 2003, t
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SGCs tightly ensheath the soma of DRG neurons
2022-03-25
SGCs tightly ensheath the soma of DRG neurons (Costa and Moreira, 2015, Hanani, 2005, Takeda et al., 2009). Intimate associations between SGCs and neurons facilitate bidirectional regulation of SGC function and neuronal excitability. After nerve injury, neuronal hyperexcitability can result in SGC
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br Acknowledgments br Introduction Manipulating target prote
2022-03-25
Acknowledgments Introduction Manipulating target protein expression via either induction or suppression of gene expression is a powerful technology that has been widely used in the recent past in the field of neurobiology, both to study the pathophysiological significance of a target gene and
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2022-03-25
Materials and methods Results Discussion Our data show that the ghrelin receptor, Ghsr, links energy homeostasis with a form of adult hippocampal plasticity. The presence of Ghsr on mature DG neurons suggest that acyl-ghrelin may modulate NSPCs indirectly, possibly via soluble factors such
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Different responses in feed intake have been
2022-03-25
Different responses in feed intake have been noticed following administration of exogenous GHRL (peripherally or centrally) depending on animal species. In mammals, injection of GHRL stimulates food intake (orexigenic effect) (reviewed in Kaiya et al., 2013b). In contrast, in domestic birds, exogeno
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